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Monday, February 27, 2012
What Is Mesothelioma Types and Treatment Options
Sunday, February 26, 2012
An Overview of Mesothelioma Treatment Options
Mesothelioma treatment options depend on many internal factors such as: stage, location, and the patient's age and desires. Important external factors to consider include the experience level of the oncologist with mesothelioma cases and whether or not a rural dweller would have to be transferred to a larger city for aggressive treatment or palliative care.
Patient survival rate is determined to be up to a year; while some leading cancer centers have reported life expectancy after diagnosis to be as much as five more years.
Mesothelioma Treatment Options
Screening
An Overview of Mesothelioma Treatment Options
Imaging tests allow doctors to see a picture of the cancer site. These tests could include x-rays, CT scans (computed tomography), or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
New Screening Instrument: The Mesomark Test
The Food and Drug administration has just approved (January 2007) the world's first in-vitro test for mesothelioma. The Mesomark assay test, developed by Fujirebio Diagnostics is administered to patients diagnosed with biphasic or epithelioid mesothelioma by a simple blood test. The test measures proteins within the blood that reflect changes in the patient's tumor volume, a key factor for monitoring patient status and response to therapies.
Traditional Treatment Types
Surgery, removal of the entire lung and a part of the chest lining, the diaphragm and part of the sac surrounding the heart.
Thoracoscopy is the insertion of an endoscope which is a small narrow tube, containing a tiny cameria into the pleural cavity to look directly at the tumor. Pathologist's perform a biopsy to collect a tissue. Often, chemical pleurodesis (draining fluid in the intrapleural space), can be accomplished during the same procedure.
Mediastinoscopy, another type of surgical incision is sometimes used to stage the extent of disease when enlarged nodes are seen using imaging techniques.
Laproscopy is used in mesothelioma patients when imaging techniques suggest that the tumor has penetrated through the diaphragm. This information is important in evaluating a patient for potential pleurectomy or extrapleural pneumonectomy.
Radiation Therapy (using high-dose x-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
Radiation - Although mesothelioma tumors are highly resistant to radiotherapy, these treatments are sometimes used to relieve symptoms arising from tumor growth, such as obstruction of a major blood vessel.
Radiotherapy is commonly applied to the sites of chest drain insertion, in order to prevent the growth of the tumor along the track in the chest wall.
Chemotherapy - is used to stop the cancer cells from growing and dividing.
Immunotherapy: Heated Intraoperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy requires the removal as much of the tumor as possible followed by the direct administration of a heated between (40 and 48°C) chemotherapy agent, into the abdomen for 60 to 120 minutes and then drained.
Palliative Procedures
Pleuroperitoneal Shunt is a procedure where a catheter is placed under the skin from the pleural to the peritoneal cavity. This procedure raising concerns as the catheter can cause damage by embedding itself into the abdomen.
Pleurectomy, a palliative procedure, may be performed when more extensive surgery is not an option. The procedure does not effectively remove all tumors. It is considered the most effective means of controlling pleural effusion (fluid buildup) in cases where the lung's expansion is restricted by the mesothelioma.
Potentially Curative Procedures
These procedures are performed with "curative intent".
Pleurectomy/Decortication is usually performed on patients with early stage pleural mesothelioma disease (Stage I and selected Stage II), and attempts to remove all gross tumor.
Extrapleural Pneumonectomy is surgery to remove a diseased lung, part of the pericardium, part of the diaphragm and part of the parietal pleura. This type of surgery is used most often to treat malignant mesothelioma and is combined with traditional chemotherapy and/or radiation, gene therapy, immunotherapy or photodynamic therapy.
Cytoreductive Surgery removes visible tumors in the peritoneal cavity. The remaining cancer cells are treated by Intra-Peritoneal Hyperthermic (heated) Chemotherapy (IPHC) and then delivered to the abdominal cavity.
New or Experimental Therapies
Gene Therapy: The best known tumor suppressor gene is called p53. If this gene is damaged or non existent oncogenes or cancer genes multiply at an abnormal rate. The main focus of gene therapy for mesothelioma involves injecting a virus that has been modified in the laboratory. The virus is injected into the pleural space in the chest, where mesothelioma develops as an attempt to kill the cancer cells.
Drug or Vaccine Therapy
Patients with mesothelioma have much higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) a chemical controlling blood vessel than people with any other type of cancer. Trials are being conducted to see if VEGF can be blocked, thus stopping the growth of blood vessels feeding the mesothelioma tumors.
Bevacizumab is a drug vaccine currently in use. One trial recently reported that this drug may increase survival for patients with lung cancer. An American phase 2 trial tested bevacizumab for mesothelioma, in combination with chemotherapy drugs. Bevacizumab is still in the experimental phase and much larger trials are needed before we will know how effective it will be in treating mesothelioma and other types of cancers.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)
In Photodynamic therapy a drug called a photosensitizing agent is injected into the bloodstream and absorbed by the body's cells rendering the cells sensitive to light. When the area to be treated is exposed to laser light, the cells are killed. PDT has to be combined with surgery to treat patients in the early stages of mesothelioma. PDT is still in the trial stages and very experimental.
Clinical Trials and Eligibility
Clinical Trials provide research by using a sampling of people affected by the cancer. The National Cancer Institute states that the purpose of most listed clinical trials is to test new cancer treatments or new methods of diagnosing, screening for or preventing cancer.
Eligibility requirements for clinical trials are not the same; each study has specific guidelines for participation. Some trials allow participation after other treatments have failed, while others require that the patient did not have prior treatment. Choosing a clinical test should only be done after a medical consultation.
Prevention trials - study ways to reduce the risk, or chance, of developing cancer. Most prevention trials are conducted with healthy people who have not had cancer. These trials use drugs, vitamins or diet to reduce risk of cancer. Some trials are conducted with people who have had cancer and want to prevent the return of cancer (recurrence), or reduce the chance of developing a new type of cancer.
Screening Trials - study ways to detect cancer. They are often conducted to determine whether finding cancer before it causes symptoms decreases the chance of dying from the disease. These trials involve people who do not have any symptoms of cancer.
Diagnostic Cancer Trials - develops new tests or scans
Quality of life trials explore ways to improve the comfort and quality of life of cancer patients and cancer survivors. These trials may study ways to help people who are experiencing nausea, vomiting, sleep disorders, depression, or other effects from cancer or its treatment.
Genetics Study Trials - are sometimes part of another cancer clinical trial. The genetics component of the trial may focus on how genetic makeup can affect detection, diagnosis, or response to cancer treatment.
Clinical trials are conducted in 4 phases:
Phase 1 trials look at whether a trial treatment drug is safe or has any harmful effects and attempts to establish the right dosage required.
Phase 2 trials look at the effectiveness of the treatment.
Phase 3 trials test a new treatment against the existing standard treatment. If it yields better results, it may become the new standard treatment.
Phase 4 trials are carried out after a drug has been licensed. They collect information about side effects, safety and the long term risks and benefits of a drug.
Ongoing research attempts to improve mesothelioma treatment options but clinical trials will not all result in new and better treatment. After testing, it may be discovered that the treatment being tested does not work, or that it has worse side affects than existing treatments. But, to researchers and doctors, and in the end for patients, it is crucial to keep this research going.
An Overview of Mesothelioma Treatment OptionsDavid Guetta - VEVO News Interview Video Clips. Duration : 2.27 Mins.Music video by David Guetta performing VEVO News Interview.
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About this Author
Dave Casey is a medical writer for Mesothelioma-Adviser.com, an informational guide for /">mesothelioma cancer victims. The site provides guidance on "> mesothelioma treatment options and asbestos legal information.
Copyright 2007 Mesothelioma-Adviser.com
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dave_Casey
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Friday, February 17, 2012
Mesothelioma Treatment San Antonio
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Sunday, February 12, 2012
Why is Mesothelioma So Deadly?
Mesothelioma, cancer of the mesothelium, is caused by exposure to asbestos. The disease can take decades to appear or to develop to the point that it is detectable. Once it forms, it takes time for the disease to be diagnosed and then treated. So why, exactly, is it so deadly?
One of the biggest problems with the disease is that it takes what seems like forever, to those who have been exposed to asbestos, to show up in tests. The disease usually takes around 20 years to develop but has been known to wait around 40 years to develop. What this means is that a person who knows he or she has been exposed to asbestos can wait a long time before a test shows anything either abnormal or serious.
Mesothelioma Treatment Options
This long period of inactivity means that individuals who do not know that they have been exposed to asbestos may ignore early signs and symptoms of the disease and explain them away as bronchitis or something else that will go away with time. This means that by the time they go see a doctor because they feel awful and can't breathe very well, the disease has progressed to the later stages.
Why is Mesothelioma So Deadly?
Like all cancer, there is something very important in treatment about catching the disease early and getting treatment started as soon as possible. When a cancer is detected early and then treated early, the chances that it will be cured and the person's life saved go up drastically. The later cancer is detected in a person, the lower, usually, his or her chances of survival are.
Part of this is due to cancer's very aggressive nature. The unregulated growth of cancerous cells can quickly take over. Worse, in cancers located near major blood supplies or other fluid systems within the body, these cells can break away from the pack and end up halfway across the body and start a new colony.
Because most mesothelioma patients wait to see a doctor until they are having serious problems, they put themselves at risk and lower the chances that there is any hope for treatment. By the time most people go to see the doctor, the cancer has gotten to the point that it is inoperable. Chemotherapy and radiation can only do so much to kill cancer.
If you think that you might have been exposed to asbestos, it is imperative to tell your doctor so that he or she can monitor the situation and, potentially, detect cancer early. For more information on the disease and where asbestos is commonly found, please visit http://www.mesolawsuit.com.
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Saturday, February 11, 2012
Wednesday, February 1, 2012
Life Expectancy Lung Cancer Patients Have
Depending on how early one acquires a diagnosis, life expectancy lung cancer patients have will differ. Another factor will also be the stage of the cancer once it has been diagnosed. However, thanks to new advances in technology and science, life expectancy cancer patients have has been significantly increased during the past ten years.
Lung cancer kills. Through the years, millions have died of this dreaded disease. People who love to smoke and fail to quit once they've noticed changes in their health are prone to acquire cancer. Smoking is the number 1 cause for cancer, accounting for up to 85% of deaths, and many times the lung has already been too damaged to save.
Mesothelioma Treatment Options
The form of treatment that patients get also is a determining factor for life expectancy cancer. Here are some facts from recent research and studies on the subject:
Life Expectancy Lung Cancer Patients Have
• Generally, life expectancy Cancer patients are quite low. However, the earlier the detection, the better the chances of survival. Most times, the disease is fatal, and those who survive will have to deal with several methods of pain management and a controlled environment in order to avoid absorbing other chemicals in their surroundings. Those who are dealing with a short life expectancy cancer will need to also be watched and monitored regularly.
• Radiation can raise the life expectancy cancer from 20 months up to 42 months if thermal ablation followed after therapy. The combination of thermal ablation therapy with radiation made the survival rate much higher than choosing just either treatment alone.
• For stage IIB of cancer, surgery is a common method of treatment. During this stage, the tumors block the bronchioles and cause lung inflammation. There is better chance of survival for patients who are able to detect their cancers in stage II or earlier to have it removed by surgery.
• Stage 3 lung cancer already affects the nearby organs such as the heart, diaphragm, backbone, and chest wall, making it more difficult to treat. At this stage, treatment options are usually chemotherapy and other non-surgical treatments that are regularly done to target and reduce the cancers as much as possible. Remission may occur, but the patient can still enjoy a few more months of life expectancy cancer.
• During stage IV of cancer, it has already multiplied to various areas around the body and will be more difficult to treat. During this stage, life expectancy cancer is very low, and it cannot be cured. Treatment options are simply provided to help patients manage pain, such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, but the patient may only have a few months to live.
Anyone diagnosed with a short life expectancy cancer is truly a sad thing, and it's best to avoid the highest risk factors for acquiring the disease. The best way to avoid life expectancy cancer is to quit smoking, avoid second hand smoke, and exposure to pollution and harmful chemicals that may also cause lung disease.
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